Anhang zum Vinaya-Piṭaka

Bibliografie

Altekar, A.S. / Vijayakanta, M.: Report on Kumrahar Excavations 1951-1955 K.P. Jayaswal Research Institute; Patna, 1959

Anālayo Bhikkhu: Bhikkhunī Ordination Buddhistische Gesellschaft München, 2015

derselbe: Die Wiederbelebung des Bhikkhunī Ordens und der Verfall der Sāsana in: Journal of Buddhist Ethics 20: 110–193 (PDF download 2015)

Ariyesako Bhikkhu / Nirodho Bhikkhu: A Bhikkhu Manual – Vinaya Notes Amaravati Publications, 1987

Ashraf, Kazi K.: The Hermit's Hut – Architecture and Asceticism in India University of Hawai'i Press; Honolulu, 2013

Auboyer, Jeannine: Daily Life in Ancient India Asia Publishing House, 1967

Bailey, Greg/Mabbett, Ian: The Sociology of Early Buddhism Cambridge University Press; New York, 2003

Balfour, Edward: Cyclopaedia of India I, II, III Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt; Graz, 1967

Bhagvat, D.N.: Early Buddhist Jurisprudence (Theravada Vinaya Laws) Cosmo Publications; New Delhi, 1993

Bhardwaj, Nigam: The Ancient Indian Medical Science – With Special Reference to Pāli Literature Lambert Academic Publishing; Saarbrücken, 2013

Bhattacharyya, N.N.: The Geographical Dictionary – Ancient and Early Medieval India Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers; New Delhi, 1999

Bhishagratna, Kaviraj Kunja Lal: An English Translation of the Sushruta Samhita, Based on Original Sanskrit Text Cosmo Publications; New Delhi, 2006

Bodhi, Bhikkhu (transl & ed): The First Saṅghādisesa Rule for Bhikkhus – The Vinaya Piṭaka Text and its Commentarial Exegesis (k.A.)

Both, Leo: Das Kapīśāvadāna und seine Parallelversion im Piṇḍapātrāvadāna Dietrich Reimer Verlag; Berlin, 1995

Buddhadatta Mahāthera: Concise Pali-English Dictionary Motilal Banarsidass; Delhi, 1994

Bunce, Frederick W.: Numbers – Their Iconographic Consideration in Buddhist & Hindu Practices D.K. Printworld; New Delhi, 2002

Chakrabarti, Dilip K.: The Archaeology of Ancient Indian Cities Oxford University Press; Delhi, 1995

Chaudhury, B.N.: Dictionary of Buddhist Doctrinal and Technical Terms The Asiatic Society; Kolkata, 2005

Childers, R.C.: A Dictionary of the Pali Language Asian Educational Services; New Delhi/Chennai, 2003

Clarke, Shayne: Monks Who Have Sex: Pārājika Penance in Indian Buddhist Monasticisms  Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008; J Indian Philos (2009) 37:1–43; DOI 10.1007/s10781-008-9059-3; Published online: 4. Dec. 2008

derselbe: Family Matters in Indian Buddhist Monasticisms University of Hawai's Press; Honolulu, 2014

Cone, M.: A Dictionary of Pāli ñ(vols. I + II) Pali Text Society; Oxford, 2001 + 2010

Cunningham, Alexander: Coins of Ancient India – From the Earliest Times Down to the Seventh Century Asian Educational Services; New Delhi, Madras, Reprint 2000

derselbe: Mahabodhi – The Great Buddhist Temple Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers; New Delhi, Reprint 1998

derselbe: The Ancient Geography of India Low Price Publications; Delhi, Reprint 2006

Daswani, Rekha: Buddhist Monasteries and Monastic Life in Ancient India (From the Third Century BC to the Seventh Century AD); Aditya Prakashan; New Delhi, 2006

Davids, R./Steede, W.: Pāli – English Dictionary Motilal Banarsidass; Delhi, Reprint 1993

Davids, T.W.R. / Oldenberg, H. (transl.): Vinaya Texts (Part I, II, III)  Sacred Books of the East (vols. 13, 17, 20); Motilal Banarsidass; Delhi, Reprint 2003

Deeg, Max: Das Gaoseng-Faxian-Zhuan als religionsgeschichtliche Quelle Harrassowitz Verlag; Wiesbaden, 2005

Dey, Nundo Lal: The Geographical Dictionary Of Ancient And Mediaeval India Low Price Publications; Delhi, Neuauflage 2005

Dhammika, S.: Nature and the Environment in Early Buddhism (?) 200?

Dhammajoti K.L./Karunadasa Y.: Buddhist and Pali Studies in Honour of The Venerable Professor Kakkapalliye Anuruddha University of Hongkong, 2009

Dhirasekera, Jotiya: Buddhist Monastic Discipline Ministry of Higher Education Research Publication Series, Sri Lanka, 1981

Dowson, John: A Classical Dictionary of Hindu Mythology and Religion – Geography, History and Literature D.K. Printworld; New Delhi, Neuauflage 2000

Duncan, J / Derrett, M.: Monastic Masturbation in Pāli Buddhist Texts Journal of the History of Sexuality, Vol. 15, No. 1 (Jan., 2006), pp. 1-13; University of Texas Press; URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4617241

Dutoit, Julius, Dr.: Das Leben des Buddha Lotus Verlag; Leipzig, 1906

derselbe: Jātakam (I-VII) Oskar Schloss Verlag; München-Neubiberg, 1906-1921

Dutt, Sukumar: Buddhist Monks and Monasteries of India Motilal Banarsidass; Delhi, 2000

Dwivedi, Sunita: Buddhist Heritage Sites of India Rupa & Co; New Delhi, 2006

Dymock, William: Pharmacographia Indica – A History of the Principal Drugs of Vegetable Origin Kegan, Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co.; London, 1890

Fick, Richard: Die sociale Gliederung im nordöstlichen Indien zu Buddhas Zeit Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt Graz, 1974

Flowers of India (FOI) Website www.flowersofindia.net (2013/2014)

Franke, Dr. R. Otto: Dīghanikāya – Das Buch der Langen Texte des buddhistischen Kanons Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; Göttingen, 1913

Frauwallner, E.: The Earliest Vinaya and the Beginnings of Buddhist Literature Instituto Italiano Per Il Medio Ed Estremo Oriente; Vol VIII; Roma, 1956

Freiberger, O.: Der Orden in der Lehre Harassowitz Verlag; Wiesbaden, 2000

Foucher, A.: The Life of The Buddha Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers; New Delhi, 3003

Garrett, John: A Classical Dictionary of India D.K. Printworld; New Delhi, Neuauflage 1999

Geiger, W. / Nyānaponika M. / Hecker, H: Die Reden des Buddha – Gruppierte Sammlung Beyerlein-Steinschulte; Herrnschrot, 2003

Gol: Eine Pilgerfahrt nach Kashi Indica Books; Varanasi, 2008

Gombrich, Richard F.: Buddhist Precept and Practice Motilal Banarsidass; Delhi, 1998

derselbe: Der Theravada-Buddhismus – Vom alten Indien bis zum modernen Sri Lanka W. Kohlhammer Verlag; Stuttgart, 1997

derselbe: How Buddhism Began Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers; New Delhi, 2002

Gotama Buddha: Vinaya Pitaka – The Basket Of Guidance Pāli Study Edition, Theravada Tipitaka Press, 2010

Grieve, M.: Botanical.com  A Modern Herbal Website (2013/2014)

Gupta, Manohar K.: Linguistic Approach to Meaning in Pali Sundeep Prakashan; Delhi, 2006

Gupta, Sunil (Publ.): A Pali-English Glossary Sri Satguru Publications; Delhi, 1999

Härtel, Herbert: Karmavācanā Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften; Berlin, 1956

Hecker, Dr. Hellmuth: Allgemeine Rechtsgrundsätze in der buddhistischen Ordensverfassung in: "Verfassung und Recht in Übersee", 10. Jahrg., Heft 1, 1977

Heilpflanzen des Ayurveda – Pflanzen des Astanga Hrdayam Website: http://pflanzen.ayursanita.com/sanskrit-latein-deutsch (2012)

Heirman, Ann / Torck, Mathieu: A Pure Mind in a Clean Body Bodily Care in the Buddhist Monasteries of Ancient India and China; Academia Press; Gent, 2012

Herbal Cure India Website www.herbalcureindia.com (2013/2014)

Hinüber, Oskar von: Das Pātimokkhasutta der Theravādin Studien zur Literatur des Theravāda-Buddhismus II; Franz Steiner Verlag; Stuttgart, 1999

derselbe: Kleine Schriften I+II Hrsg. v. Falk, H. / Slaje W.; Harrassowitz Verlag; Wiesbaden, 2009

derselbe: Studien zur Kasussyntax des Pāli, besonders des Vinaya-Piṭaka J. Kitzinger; München, 1968

Horner I.B. (transl.): The Book of the Discipline part I-VII Pali Text Society; Oxford 2001/2004/2006/2007

Hüsken, Ute: Die Vorschriften für die Buddhistische Nonnengemeinde im Vinaya-Piṭaka der Theravādin Monographien zur Indischen Archäologie, Kunst und Philologie; Dietrich Reimer Verlag; Berlin, 1997

Humphreys, Christmas: A Popular Dictionary of Buddhism Curzon Press; London, 1984

Indian Mirror Website www.indianmirror.com

Jain, Rekha: Ancient Indian Coinage D.K. Printworld; New Delhi, 1995

Jain-Neubauer, Jutta: Feet & Footwear in Indian Culture The Bata Shoe Museum, Toronto in Association w. Mapin Publishing Pvt. Ltd.; Ahmedabad, 2000

Jayaswal, Vidula: Ancient Varanasi – An Archaeological Perspective Aryan Books International; New Delhi, 2009

Jayawickrama, N.A. (transl.): The Inception of Discipline and the Vinaya Nidāna Pali Text Society; London, 1986

Jha, Amit: Traditional Indian Medicine – with specific reference to Buddhist and Tribal Medicine Research India Press; New Delhi, 2011

Jinavarasirivaḍḍhana, Phra: Sāmaṇerasikkhā Mahāmakuṭarāja-vidyālaya; Bangkok, Reprint 2536 (1993)

Kabilsingh, Chatsumarn: a comparative study of Bhikkhunī Pāṭimokkha Chaukhambha Orientalia; Varanasi, 1984

dieselbe: The Bhikkhunī Pātimokkha of the Six Schools Sri Satguru Publications; Delhi, 1998

Kala, Acharya, Dr.: Buddhānusmṛti (A Glossary of Buddhist Terms) Somaya Publications; Mumbai/New Delhi, 2002

Kautilya: The Arthashastra Penguin Books India, 1992

Keown, Damien: Dictionary of Buddhism Oxford University Press; Oxford, 2003

Kevalī Bhikkhu: Vinaya – die unbekannte Seite der Lehre des Buddha Mirton, 2007

Kieffer-Pülz, Petra: Die Sīma – Vorschriften zur Regelung der buddhistischen Gemeindegrenze in älteren buddhistischen Texten Dietrich Reimer Verlag; Berlin, 1993

dieselbe: Verlorene Gaṇṭhipadas zum buddhistischen Ordensrecht (Teil 1-3) Harassowitz Verlag; Wiesbaden, 2013

Kölver, B. (Hrsg.): Recht, Staat und Verwaltung im klassischen Indien R. Oldenbourg Verlag; München, 1997

Krishna Murthy: A Dictionary of Buddhist Terms and Terminologies Sundeep; New Delhi, Rev. Ed. 1999

Kumar, Dilip: Archaeology of Vaishali Ramanand Vidya Bhawan, New Delhi; 1986

Kundalābhivamsa, Ashin, Sayādaw: A Brief Vinaya Rules for Dullabha Monks Khin Mya Mya (transl. u. Ed.) Singapore, 1994

Kunst- und Ausstellungshalle der Bundesrepublik Deutschland Gandhara – Das buddhistische Erbe Pakistans – Legenden, Klöster und Paradiese Verlag Philipp von Zabern; Mainz, 2009

Lamotte, Etienne: History of Indian Buddhism – From the Origins to the Śaka Era Institut Orientaliste Louvain-La-Neuve, 1988

Law, Bimala Churn: Buddhistic Studies Low Price Publications; Delhi, Reprint 2004

derselbe: Geography of Early Buddhism Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers; New Delhi, Neuauflage 2008

Lyons, A.B.: Cosmo Dictionary of Plant Names – Scientific and Popular Cosmo Publications; New Delhi, 2006

Maitrimurti/Trätow: Das Mahavagga Hamburg, 1996

Malalasekera, G.P.: Dictionary of Pāli Proper Names Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers; New Delhi, 1998

Mohr, T. / Tsedroen, J.: Dignity & Discipline – Reviving Full Ordination für Buddhist Nuns Wisdom Publications; Boston, 2010

Müller, Reinhold F.G.: Eigenwertungen in altindischer Medizin Johann Ambrosius Barth Verlag, Leipzig, 1958

Murthy, Krishna K.: A Dictionary of Buddhist Terms and Terminologies Sundeep; New Delhi, 1999

Muthiah, S. (Ed.): Where the Buddha Walked TT. Maps & Publications; Madras, 1990

Mylius Klaus: Wörterbuch Pāli – Deutsch Institut für Indologie; Wichtrach, 1997

Naqvi, Nasim H.: A Study of Buddhist Medicine and Surgery in Gandhara Motilal Banarsidass Publishers; Delhi, 2011

Ñāṇadassana Bhikkhu (Übers.): Bhikkhu-Pātimokkha – Das Hauptregelwerk der buddhistischen Mönche Dritte überarbeitete Auflage zur Internet-Veröffentlichung, 2008

derselbe: When is Dawn & Dawnrise? Sridevi Printers Ltd; Dehiwala, 2002

Ñāṇamoli Bhikkhu: A Pāli – English Technical Glossary of Buddhist Technical Terms Buddhist Publication Society; Kandy, 1998

Ñāṇamoli Thera (transl.): The Pāṭimokkha Maha Makut Academy; The Social Science Association Press of Thailand; Bangkok, 1966

Nyanaponika / Hecker, H.: Die Jünger Buddha's O.W. Barth Verlag, 2000

Nyanatiloka: Buddhistisches Wörterbuch Verlag Christiani; Konstanz, 1952

derselbe: Der Buddhistische Mönchsorden Oskar Schloss Verlag; München-Neubiberg, 1925

derselbe: Puggala-Paññatti Walter Markgraf Verlag; Breslau, 1910

derselbe: Visuddhimagga oder Der Weg zur Reinheit Verlag Christiani; Konstanz, 1952

derselbe / Nyānaponika: Die Lehrreden des Buddha aus der Angereihten Sammlung – Aṅguttara-Nikāya Aurum Verlag; Braunschweig, 1993

Oldenberg H. (ed.): The Vinaya Piṭakaṃ Vol. I-V Pali Text Society; Oxford, 1997/2001/2005/2006/2010

Online Rechtswörterbuch http://www.rechtswoerterbuch.de (12.03.2014)

Ousaka, Y./Yamazaki, M./Norman, K.R.: Index to the Vinaya-Piṭaka PaliText Society; Oxford, 2001

Pachow, W.: A Comparative Study of the Prātimokṣa Motilal Banarsidass Publishers; Delhi, 2000

Panabokke, Gunaratne: History of the Buddhist Sangha in India and Sri Lanka Postgraduate Institute of Pali and Buddhist Studies; Kelaniya, 1993

Pandey, Jagdishwar: On the Footprints of The Buddha – Identification of Controversial and Unknown Places K.P. Jayaswal Research Institute; Patna, 1996

Pelz, Manfred: Sadhus – Heilige Männer Indiens Bucher Verlag; München, 1999

Perera, L.P.N.: Sexuality in Ancient India – A Study Based on the Pali Vinayapitaka Postgraduate Institute of Pali and Buddhist Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 1993

Piddington, Henry: An English Index to the Plants of India Calcutta, 1832 (Eigentum der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek)

Prasanna, Kumar Acharya: A Dictionary of Hindu Architecture (Manasara Series vol I) Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers; New Delhi, 1995

Prebish, Charles S.: A Review of Scholarship on the Buddhist Councils Journal of Asian Studies 33, 2 ( 1974): 239-54

derselbe: Buddhist Monastic Discipline Motilal Banarsidass Publishers; Delhi, 1996

derselbe: Historical Dictionary of Buddhism Sri Satguru Publications; Delhi, 1995

Pruitt, William (Ed.) / Norman K.R.: The Pātimokkha PaliText Society; Oxford, 2008

Ratana Bhikśuni: The pacittiya of four bhikśuni pratimokśas Eede, 1994

Ratnapala, Nandasena: Crime and Punishment in the Buddhist Tradition Mittal Publications; Ratmalana, 2005

derselbe: The Katikāvatas Kitzinger; München, 1971

Raven-Hart, Major R.: Where the Buddha Trod – A Buddhist Pilgrimage Lake House; Colombo, 1966

Ray, Haraprasad: Trade and Trade Routes between India and China – c. 140 B.C.–A.D. 1500 Progressive Publishers; Kolkata, 2003

Rosen, Valentina: Der Vinayavibhaṅga zum Bhikṣuprātimokṣa der Sarvāstivādins Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften; Berlin, 1959

Roth, Gustav: Bhikṣuṇī-Vinaya – Manual of Discipline for Buddhist Nuns K.P. Jayaswal Research Institute; Patna, Neuauflage 2005

Roy, Kumkum: Historical Dictionary of Ancient India Scarecrow Press; Lanham, 2009

Ruben, Walter: Die Lage der Sklaven in der altindischen Gesellschaft Akademie-Verlag, Berlin, 1957

Sāṅkṛtyāyana, Rāhula: Vinaya-piṭaka Maha Bodhi Society of India, 1935

Santuṭṭho (Übers.): Dhammasaṅgaṇī – Die Auflistung der Phänomene Michael Zeh Verlag; Berlin, 2011

derselbe: Nighaṇḍu − Pāli-Deutsch Wörterbuch Michael Zeh Verlag; Berlin, 2014

derselbe: Puggala Paññatti – Beschreibung der Personen Eigen-Verlag; Berlin, 2016

derselbe: Sudu Hamduruwo – Weiße Buddhamönche Michael Zeh Verlag; Berlin, 2010

Sarkar, Debarchana: Geography of Ancient India in Buddhist Literature Sanskrit Pustak Bhandar; Kolkata, 2003

Saß, Ekkehard: Theragāthā und Therīgāthā – Die Verse der Mönche und Nonnen Universität Konstanz, Forschungsprojekt "Buddhistischer Modernismus", Forschungsbericht 17, Herausgeber: Prof. i.R. Dr. D. Kantowsky; Konstanz, 2000

Schäfer, F. / Beyerlein, R.: Der Buddha und sein Orden Verlag Beyerlein/ Steinschulte; Herrnschrot, 2000

Schlingloff, D.: Die Religion des Buddhismus – I. Der Heilsweg des Mönchtums Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften; Berlin, 1962

derselbe: Fortified Citiess of Ancient India Anthem Press; London, 2014

Schmithausen, Lambert: Plants in Early Buddhism and the Far Eastern Idea of the Buddha-Nature of Grasses and Trees Lumbini International Research Centre; Lumbinī, 2009

Schopen, Gregory: Indian Monastic Buddhism – Collected Papers on Textual, Inscriptional and Archaeological Evidence Motilal Banarsidass Publishers; Delhi, 2010

Schumann, H.W.: Der historische Buddha Diederichs Verlag; Köln, 1982

derselbe: Handbuch Buddhismus Diederichs Verlag; Köln, 2000

derselbe / Santuttho, A.: Stätten des historischen Buddha – Eine archäologische Spurensuche Werner Kristkeitz Verlag; Heidelberg, 2010

Silk, Jonathan A.: Managing Monks Oxford University Press; Oxford, 2008

Singh, G.P.: Republics, Kingdoms, Towns and Cities in Ancient India D.K. Printworld; New Delhi, 2003

Singh, N.K./Baruah, B. (Ed.): Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Pâli Literature (2 vols.) Global Vision Publishing House; Delhi, 2003

Singh, Rana P.B.: Where the Buddha Walked – A Companion to the Buddhist Places of India Indica Books; Varanasi, 2003

Sircar, D.C.: Studies in the Geography of Ancient and Medieval India Motilal Banarsidass; Delhi, 1971

Srinivasan, Doris Meth (gen. Ed.): Mathurā – The Cultural Heritage American Institute of Indian Studies; New Delhi, 1989

Stache-Rosen, Valentina: Upāliparipṛcchāsūtra Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; Göttingen, 1983

Sujato, Bhikkhu: Bhikkhuni Vinaya Studies Santipada; Lulu, 2012

derselbe: Sikkhamana Santipada; Lulu, 2012

Syed, Dr. Renate: Nicht Mann, nicht Frau – Hijras: Indiens drittes Geschlecht Internetpfad 2013: http://www.uibk.ac.at/geschlechterforschung/ geschlechterforschungpdf.html/hijrasinnsbruck.pdf

Tarthang Tulku (Ed.), Cook, Eliosabeth (text) Holy Places of the Buddha Dharma Publishing, Crystal Mirror Series, Volume Nine; Berkeley 1994

Thanissaro Bhikkhu: The Buddhist Monastic Code (Vols. I-II) Second edition, revised: 2007; Metta Forest Monastery

Thaplyal, Kiran Kumar: Village and Village Life in Ancient India Aryan Books International; New Delhi, 2004

Tin, Daw Mya (Übers.): The Dhammapada – Verses & Stories Burma Piṭaka Association; Rangoon, Burma, 1986

Upasak, C.S.: Dictionary of Early Buddhist Monastic Terms (Based on Pali Literature) Nava Nalanda Mahavihara; Nalanda (Bihar), 1975

Vajirañāṇavarorasa Phra: Ordination Procedure Mahāmakuṭarāja-vidyālaya; Bangkok, o.A.

derselbe: The Entrance to the Vinaya, Vinayamukha (Vols. I-III) Mahāmakuṭarāja-vidyālaya; Bangkok, 1969

Vipassana Research Institute: Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana Tipiṭaka Pāli Version IV; Igatpuri, download 2011

Waddell, L.A.: Report on the Excavations at Pataliputra (Patna) the Palibothra of the Greeks Asian Educational Services New Delhi; 1996

Waldschmidt, Ernst: Die Legende vom Leben des Buddha Wegweiser Verlag; Berlin, 1929

Walker, Benjamin: Hindu World – An Encyclopedic Survey of Hinduism George Allen & Unwin Ltd.; London, 1968

Wijayaratna, Mohan: Buddhist monastic life – according to the texts of the Theravāda tradition Cambridge University Press; Cambridge, 1990

Wikipedia – Die freie Enzyklopädie Website wikimedia.org

Wiktionary, the free dictionary Website en.wiktionary.org

Wilson, Liz: Charming Cadavers – Horrific Figurations of the Feminine in Indian Buddhist Hagiographic Literature University of Chicago Press, 1996

World Mapping Project indien, nordost Karte 1:1.300.000; Reise Know-how; Bielefeld, 2007

Zotter, Astrid: Von Blüten, Göttern und Gelehrten  Dissertation, Leipzig, 2010

Zumwinkel, Kay: Die Lehrreden des Buddha aus der Mittleren Sammlung Jhana Verlag; Uttenbühl, 2001

Zysk, Kenneth G.: Asceticism and Healing in Ancient India Motilal Banarsidass; Delhi, 2000


Übersichtskarten historischer Stätten

Alle Zeichnungen von Santuṭṭho Bhikkhu

1. Der heutige Tempelkomplex in Bodhgaya

Bodhgaya

1. Pappelfeige "Bodhi-Baum"; 2. "Fürstensitz"; 3. Banyan-Baum "Ziegenhirt"; 4. Mucalinda-Teich; 5. Meditationsweg; 6. "Schatzhaus"; 7. "Animesa Locana"

2. Von Uruvela nach Sārnāth

Uruvela-Sarnath

1. Sārnāth, 2. Varanasi, 3. Gayasīsa<, 4. Gāya, 5. Uruvela, 6. Senanigāma, 7. Kālaleṇa

Die Flüsse: A. Gaṅgā; B. Son; C. Phalgu

3. Von Uruvela nach Rājagaha

Uruvela-Rajagaha

1. Uruvelā; 2. Gayā; 3. Gayāsīsa; 4. Prāgbodhi-Berg; 5. Laṭṭhivana; 6. Alt-Rājagaha; 7. Neu-Rājagaha; 8. Giriyak;

A. Phalgu-Fluss; B. Pañcana-Fluss

4. Die Stätten von Rājagaha

Rajagaha

1. Neu-Rājagaha; 2. Ajātasattus Festung; 3. Veḷuvana (Bambushain); 4. Tapodā (heiße Quellen); 5. Nord-Tor;  6. Pippali-Höhle (Kassapārāma); 7. Sattapaṇṇi-Höhlen; 8. Sonbandhar-Höhle; 9. Maddakucchi; 10. Bimbisāras Festung; 11. Gijjhakūṭa (Geiergipfel); 12. Jīvakāmbavana (Jīvakas Kloster); 13. Süd-Tor; 14. Sītavana (Kalter Hain); 15. zum Laṭṭhi-Hain (Knüppelwald, Jethia); 16. Pañcāna-Fluss (Sappinī); 17. zur Indasāla-Höhle nahe Giriyak; 19. Maṇi-nāga (Maniyar Math); 20. Tapodārāma (Asketenhain); 21. Tapodakandarā (Asketenschlucht); 22. Akhana (Jarasandha Ki Ranabumi)

Die Berge: A. Vepulla; B. Isigili (Ratna); C. Chaṭhā; D. Udaya; E. Sonā; F. Vebhāra

5. Wirkungsstätten des historischen Buddha

historische Stätten

1 Kapilavatthu; 2 Gorakhpur; 3 Kathmandu; 4 Musahri; 5 Patna; 6 Rajgir

Die Flüsse: A Ganga; B Ghaghara; C Gandak; D Son

6. Kapilavatthu heute

Kapilavatthu

1. zwei Stūpas; 2. Teich innerhalb der Stadtbefestigung; 3. das Osttor aus dem Siddhattha in die Hauslosigkeit zog; 4. Ruinenfeld, vermutlich von Suddhodanas Palast; 5. Stūpa-Rest; 6. Stūpa-Rest; 7. Westtor; 8. Bangaṅgā-Fluss

7. Das "Mittlere Land"

Mittleres Land

Aus D. Sarkar: "Geography of Ancient India in Buddhist Literature"
vom Autor stark überarbeitet.

8. Paṭaḷiputra und Vesāli

Pataliputra-Vesali

1. Vesāli; 2. Natika; 3. Bhagwanpur Ratti; 4. Goraul; 5. Bheldi; 6. Bhagwanpur; 7. Hajipur; 8. Katahariya; 9. Desari; 10. Pāṭaliputra; 11. Kumrahar; Die Flüsse: A. Gaṅgā; B. Gandak

9. Die Stätten von Vesāli

Vesali

1 Mahāvana; 2 Reliquien-Stūpa; 3 Palastgelände; A nach Kusināra; B nach Pāṭaligāma

10. Kolhua (Vesāli)

Kolhua(Vesali)

1 Eingang; 2 Aśoka-Stūpa; 3 Aśoka-Säule; 4 Teich; 5 Kūṭāgārasāla-Vihāra; 6 Swastika-Vihāra

11. Die Stätten von Kosambi

Kosambi

A) Palastareal; a) Festung; B) nicht identifiziertes Klostergelände; b) Aśoka-Säule; C) Ghositārāma; D) Dorf Groß-Garhua;  d) Dorf Klein-Garhua; E) Dorf Kosam Khiraj; F) Fluss Yamunā; f) Reste des Stadtwalls

12. Nordindien zur Zeit des Buddha Gotama

Nordindien

Bildzitat aus "www.karava.org/gallery". Überarbeitet vom Autor.
(Originaltitel: "Indien, 600 v.Chr., die 16 Mahajanapada")

13. Karte der Handelswege in Alt-Indien

Handelswege

Zeichnung nach einer Karte von Doris Meth Srinivasan in "Mathurā – The Cultural Heritage".
Bildzitat überarbeitet vom Autor.


 Home Top  Index Next